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17th Century
For some years after the death of Elizabeth the internal political conditions of the country were unfavourable to the progress of commerce.
Efforts by Sir Walter Raleigh and others to found colonies in America had been unsuccessful and it remained for an expedition from the Thames early in the seventeenth century to establish the first stable settlement in Virginia. In 1606, fourteen years before the Pilgrim Fathers set out from Plymouth, three small ships, the Susan Constant, Godspeed and Discovery, none over 100 tons, sailed from Blackwall under the auspices of a London Company of Merchant Adventurers and founded the state of Virginia. The leader of the party was Captain John Smith.
The formation of the Hudson’s Bay Company was an event of the seventeenth century of lasting importance to the commerce of London and the whole country. On 3rd June, 1668, the Nonsuch and Eaglet left Gravesend to explore the territory around Hudson Bay. Only the Nonsuch reached her goal and returned in the following year with a cargo of furs. Realising the important results that follow this initial expedition, Charles II sealed the Charter of the Company on the 2nd May, 1670, Prince Rupert, the King’s cousin, being the first Governor. The success of the Company and the part it played in the extension of the Empire are well known; the point for us is that the association of Canada with the Port of London is still an unbroken one.
The large vessels of the East India Company were now anchored off Blackwall, their cargoes being transferred to the legal quays in the Pool in the only covered barges in use in the Port. About the middle of the seventeenth century the Company constructed a small wet dock at Blackwall for fitting out their vessels after launching from the adjacent shipbuilding yards. This dock was the first on the Thames to be fitted with gates but, as already indicated, it was not used for the handling of goods. Pepys records that he went to see this dock on the 15th January, 1661. The dock was later incorporated in the Brunswick which in turn was absorbed by the East India Dock.
The plague of 1665 temporarily strangled the trade of the Port and the Great Fire of the following year destroyed practically the whole of the wharf and warehouse accommodation. A tax of 1/- a chaldron was levied on coal brought into the Port to help defray the cost of the rebuilding of London, including new port accommodation on improved lines. It may be remarked that up to the time of the Fire, London straggled along the waterside, the river being the main highway for passengers and goods and the limits of the City being within easy reach of one or other of the waterside stairs. The streets were narrow, ill paved and of little use for traffic.
The Royal Assent was given on the 10th April, 1696, to a bill for the construction of a wet dock at Rotherhithe some 10 acres in extent which was called the Howland Great Wet Dock after a Streatham family to whom the property belonged. The dock was built as a harbourage and fitting-out place for ships and not for commercial purposes as later docks were constructed. Trees were planted round the dock as a protection against the wind and it became very popular after the great storm in 1703 which wrought havoc amongst the shipping moored in the river. The Howland Dock was the nucleus of the Surrey Commercial Docks system.
www.pla.co.uk/display_fixedpage.cfm/id/238#17
For some years after the death of Elizabeth the internal political conditions of the country were unfavourable to the progress of commerce.
Efforts by Sir Walter Raleigh and others to found colonies in America had been unsuccessful and it remained for an expedition from the Thames early in the seventeenth century to establish the first stable settlement in Virginia. In 1606, fourteen years before the Pilgrim Fathers set out from Plymouth, three small ships, the Susan Constant, Godspeed and Discovery, none over 100 tons, sailed from Blackwall under the auspices of a London Company of Merchant Adventurers and founded the state of Virginia. The leader of the party was Captain John Smith.
The formation of the Hudson’s Bay Company was an event of the seventeenth century of lasting importance to the commerce of London and the whole country. On 3rd June, 1668, the Nonsuch and Eaglet left Gravesend to explore the territory around Hudson Bay. Only the Nonsuch reached her goal and returned in the following year with a cargo of furs. Realising the important results that follow this initial expedition, Charles II sealed the Charter of the Company on the 2nd May, 1670, Prince Rupert, the King’s cousin, being the first Governor. The success of the Company and the part it played in the extension of the Empire are well known; the point for us is that the association of Canada with the Port of London is still an unbroken one.
The large vessels of the East India Company were now anchored off Blackwall, their cargoes being transferred to the legal quays in the Pool in the only covered barges in use in the Port. About the middle of the seventeenth century the Company constructed a small wet dock at Blackwall for fitting out their vessels after launching from the adjacent shipbuilding yards. This dock was the first on the Thames to be fitted with gates but, as already indicated, it was not used for the handling of goods. Pepys records that he went to see this dock on the 15th January, 1661. The dock was later incorporated in the Brunswick which in turn was absorbed by the East India Dock.
The plague of 1665 temporarily strangled the trade of the Port and the Great Fire of the following year destroyed practically the whole of the wharf and warehouse accommodation. A tax of 1/- a chaldron was levied on coal brought into the Port to help defray the cost of the rebuilding of London, including new port accommodation on improved lines. It may be remarked that up to the time of the Fire, London straggled along the waterside, the river being the main highway for passengers and goods and the limits of the City being within easy reach of one or other of the waterside stairs. The streets were narrow, ill paved and of little use for traffic.
The Royal Assent was given on the 10th April, 1696, to a bill for the construction of a wet dock at Rotherhithe some 10 acres in extent which was called the Howland Great Wet Dock after a Streatham family to whom the property belonged. The dock was built as a harbourage and fitting-out place for ships and not for commercial purposes as later docks were constructed. Trees were planted round the dock as a protection against the wind and it became very popular after the great storm in 1703 which wrought havoc amongst the shipping moored in the river. The Howland Dock was the nucleus of the Surrey Commercial Docks system.
www.pla.co.uk/display_fixedpage.cfm/id/238#17